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About this Post
- Age range: 9 to 15 months
- Developmental pillar:
- Physical and Brain Development
- Social and Emotional Development
- Learning and Cognitive Development
- Communication and Language Development
- Physical and Brain Development: How children develop
- Social and Emotional Development: How children feel and connect
- Learning and Cognitive Development: How children think and learn
- Communication and Language Development: How children communicate
Starting around 8 to 10 months, children begin to look at the facial expressions of others to help themselves decide what to do. In a way, children become able to "read" the emotional meaning of another person's facial expressions. This is called social referencing–looking for emotional clues about a situation in the faces of other people. For example, if a child sees a fearful expression on his mother's face as he reaches to touch something, he will be less likely to touch it. If the child sees an approving or excited look, he will be more likely to go ahead and touch the object.
References
- Sorce, J. F., Emde, R. N., Campos, J., & Klinnert, M. (1985). Maternal emotional signaling: Its effect on the visual cliff behavior of 1-year-olds. Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 195
- Walden, T. & Ogan, T. (1988). The development of social referencing. Child Development, 59, 1230

